Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a common microbial agent that is widely distributed in soil, water, crops and other environments.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has attracted extensive attention from scholars and domestic and foreign corporate researchers due to its antibacterial effect, growth-promoting ability, inducing crop stress resistance and rich and diverse metabolic capabilities.
Microsporidia have been reported to cause substantial deleterious effects on host fitness in host insects.
These effects include malformations in infected pupae, increased larval mortality, developmental delay of immatures, reduced fertility and longevity of adults, and increased susceptibility to stress conditions.
These stress factors cause biological changes in the host insect and may be associated with a decrease in its rate of parasitism.
As microsporidian pathogens generally display efficient transmission mechanisms and moderate virulence, these traits may make them more effective agents in establishing enzootics in host population, as evidenced by the use of a microsporidium to control grasshoppers.
Plant extracts are phytogenic biostimulants refer to some highly active substances extracted from plants, such as glycosides, acids, polyphenols, and polysaccharides, which can regulate crop growth and development, improve crop stress and disease resistance, and promote crop nutrient absorption. , terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc.
In fact, our commonly used plant growth regulators are all produced from artificially synthesized analogues based on the structures of active substances extracted from plants. As the active substances in plant extracts are more natural and have a stronger affinity with crops, they have better regulating and stress-resistance effects.
Microorganisms and metabolites: Microbial inoculants refer to a type of beneficial fungi and bacteria rich in specific living microorganisms. Through the life activities of the microorganisms they contain, they can increase the supply of plant nutrients or promote plant growth, increase yields, and improve the quality of agricultural products and agricultural ecological environment.
Common microbial inoculants are found in a variety of environments, including soil, plants, plant residues, water, and fertilizer compost.
Research shows that the application of microbial inoculants can significantly increase the amount of microorganisms in the soil, and the increased activity of these microorganisms can promote the enhancement of soil enzyme activity, and can decompose and release insoluble mineral nutrients in the soil. At the same time, At the same time, these microorganisms can also secrete plant hormones, thereby promoting crop growth.
Microorganisms can produce a variety of metabolites during their growth and metabolism. According to the relationship between metabolites and microbial growth and reproduction, they are divided into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites.
Primary metabolites refer to substances produced by microorganisms through metabolic activities and necessary for their own growth and reproduction, such as amino acids, nucleotides, polysaccharides, etc.
Secondary metabolites refer to substances produced by microorganisms that have no obvious physiological function or are not necessary for the microorganisms after they grow to a certain stage, such as antibiotics, toxins, hormones, pigments, etc.
Microbial metabolites used for biological control of plant diseases are mainly secondary metabolites.
Disease-resistant microorganisms can produce a variety of antibacterial substances, including antibiotics, lipopeptides, polypeptides, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, protease, cellulase, active proteins and volatile substances.
Biostimulant is a substance or microorganisms that, when applied to seeds, crops or roots, stimulates their natural growth processes, thereby enhancing or promoting nutrient absorption, fertilizer use efficiency, crop tolerance to abiotic stress, or improving crop quality and yield.
Tea saponins are triterpenoid saponins from Camellia plants, and consist of a sapogenin, glycosides and organic acids. Up to 2013, at least 93 tea saponin monomers from the seeds, roots and flowers of tea plants have been isolated and identifined.
Tea saponins are excellent natural biosurfactant, and possess a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, hypolipidemic and gastric mucosal protection.
In addition, Tea saponins can be used for the recovery of heavy metals from wastewater and contaminated soils due to their high binding capacity with metal ions.
These properties make Tea saponins can be applied in pesticides, feed, aquaculture, textile, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, building materials and environmental modification.
According to the analysis of current research results, the application scope of tea saponin in the pesticide industry can be divided into four major categories:
One, tea saponin is as a wetting agent and suspending agent in solid pesticides.
Second, tea saponin is used as a synergist and spreading agent in emulsifiable concentrate pesticides.
Third, tea saponin is used as a co-solvent in herbicide pesticides or pesticides that are slightly soluble in water.
The fourth tea saponin is to directly use it as a biological pesticide.
Phytogenic biostimulants refer to some highly active substances extracted from plants, such as glycosides, acids, polyphenols, and polysaccharides, which can regulate crop growth and development, improve crop stress and disease resistance, and promote crop nutrient absorption. , terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc.
In fact, our commonly used plant growth regulators are all produced from artificially synthesized analogues based on the structures of active substances extracted from plants. As the active substances in plant extracts are more natural and have a stronger affinity with crops, they have better regulating and stress-resistance effects
Microbial inoculants refer to a type of beneficial fungi and bacteria that are rich in specific living microorganisms. Through the life activities of the microorganisms they contain, they can increase the supply of plant nutrients or promote plant growth, increase yields, and improve the quality of agricultural products and the agricultural ecological environment. Common microbial inoculants are found in a variety of environments, including soil, plants, plant residues, water, and fertilizer compost. Research shows that the application of microbial inoculants can significantly increase the amount of microorganisms in the soil, and the increased activity of these microorganisms can promote the enhancement of soil enzyme activity, and can decompose and release insoluble mineral nutrients in the soil. At the same time, At the same time, these microorganisms can also secrete plant hormones, thereby promoting crop growth.
Microorganisms can produce a variety of metabolites during their growth and metabolism. According to the relationship between metabolites and microbial growth and reproduction, they are divided into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites refer to substances produced by microorganisms through metabolic activities and necessary for their own growth and reproduction, such as amino acids, nucleotides, polysaccharides, etc. Secondary metabolites refer to substances produced by microorganisms that have no obvious physiological function or are not necessary for the microorganisms after they grow to a certain stage, such as antibiotics, toxins, hormones, pigments, etc. Microbial metabolites used for biological control of plant diseases are mainly secondary metabolites. Disease-resistant microorganisms can produce a variety of antibacterial substances, including antibiotics, lipopeptides, polypeptides, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, protease, cellulase, active proteins and volatile substances.
Chitin is a component of the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans and the cell walls of fungi. Crustaceans and fungi are the main sources of industrial chitosan extracts.
Chitin is a component of the shells of marine crustaceans and the cell walls of many fungi. It is a linear polysaccharide formed by N-acetylglucosamine connected through β-1,4 glycosidic bonds.
Chitosan is the deacetylation product of chitin, while chitosan oligosaccharides is the degradation product of chitin.
Chitin and high molecular weight chitosan have poor solubility, while low molecular weight chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides have good water solubility and are therefore widely used in agricultural production.
Chitin and chitosan have biological activity and are often used as plant protection agents, anti-transpiration agents, and growth stimulants.
Chitosan derivatives act as polycations and lipid-binding molecules outside cells, forming chitosan protective films on plant leaves to protect plants from pathogens.
By increasing plant cell permeability, it improves nutrient absorption, promotes root development, increases plant photosynthesis, regulates crop growth and induces plant disease resistance. In addition, chitosan can also inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the soil, and can effectively improve the soil aggregate structure, thereby increasing crop yield and quality.
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