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1-MCP is used for the preservation of fruits, vegetables, and flowers that produce or are sensitive to ethylene.
1-MCP effectively delays ripening and senescence, maintains the firmness and crispness of the product, preserves its color, flavor, aroma, and nutrients, effectively maintains the plant’s disease resistance, reduces microbial rot and physiological disorders, and decreases water evaporation, preventing wilting. Treating fruits, vegetables, and flowers with 1-MCP significantly extends their shelf life.
1-MCP is a highly effective inhibitor of ethylene production and action. Ethylene, a plant hormone that promotes maturation and senescence, can be produced by some plants themselves, and can also exist in certain amounts in the storage environment and even the air.
Ethylene binds to relevant receptors within cells to activate a series of physiological and biochemical reactions related to maturation, accelerating senescence and death.
1-MCP can also bind well to ethylene receptors, but this binding does not trigger the biochemical reactions of maturation.
Therefore, applying 1-MCP before endogenous ethylene production or exogenous ethylene action in plants allows it to preemptively bind to ethylene receptors, thus preventing ethylene from binding to its receptors and effectively prolonging the maturation and senescence process of fruits and vegetables, extending their shelf life.
Chitinases produced by microorganisms have significant antagonistic effects on plant pathogenic fungi. The possible mechanisms are as follows:
—Disrupting the cell wall structure of pathogens. Chitinases hydrolyze chitin components in pathogen cell walls, inhibiting fungal spore germination and germ tube elongation. They also inhibit pathogen growth by degrading newly synthesized chitin at the ends of hyphae, disrupting the deposition of new cellular substances and hindering hyphal extension.
—Enhancing plant defenses. Chitinases produce chito-oligosaccharides when degrading chitin components in pathogen cell walls. Chitosan oligosaccharides not only inhibit the invasion and spread of pathogens, hindering their growth, but also act as elicitors, acting as signaling factors in plant defense responses, rapidly initiating them and inducing plant cells to respond to pathogen invasion. They regulate the activity of disease-resistance-related enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), producing antimicrobial substances such as phytoalexins and phenolic compounds. These substances increase the levels of pathogenesis-related proteins in plants, enhancing disease resistance.
—They also synergize with other plant defense enzymes, cell wall-degrading enzymes, plant pathogenesis-related proteins, fungicides, and other biocontrol agents, enhancing plant disease resistance.
Bacillus subtilis is the most intensively studied Bacillus species to date. Its use in controlling plant diseases has become a hot topic in biocontrol research, with numerous reports both domestically and internationally.
Reported strains isolated from crop rhizosphere soil, root surfaces, plants, and leaves have shown efficacy against fungal and bacterial diseases of various plants, including rice sheath blight, rice blast, wheat sheath blight, legume root rot, rice neck blast, and wheat take-all disease in grain crops, and tomato leaf blight, cucumber wilt, cucumber downy mildew, eggplant gray mold, eggplant powdery mildew, pepper blight, and tomato sheath blight in vegetables. Bacillus subtilis can also control various post-harvest fruit diseases, including apple core mold, nectarine brown rot, citrus penicillium, strawberry gray mold, strawberry powdery mildew, banana wilt, banana crown rot, banana anthracnose, apple and pear penicillium, apple and pear black spot, apple and pear canker, and golden pear fruit rot. In addition, Bacillus subtilis also has a good preventive and control effect on poplar canker, rot, black spot and anthracnose, tea ring spot, tobacco anthracnose, black shank, root rot and cotton damping-off.
Molasses fermented fertilizer is a liquid organic fertilizer produced by microbial fermentation of molasses. It is characterized by high microbial content, rich nutrients and easy use.
Molasses fermented fertilizer has the following advantages when used as base fertilizer for fruit trees:
Bacillus velezensis is an aerobic, gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium that enhances plant growth. Many strains of this species are known to inhibit the growth of microbial pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and nematodes.
Recent phylogenetic studies have led to the reclassification of several Bacillus species as B. velezensis, though this information has not yet been fully integrated into organized resources.
Genomic analysis shows that B. velezensis has strain-specific gene clusters for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which are crucial for pathogen suppression and plant growth promotion.
Specifically, B. velezensis has a high genetic capacity for producing cyclic lipopeptides like surfactin, bacillomycin-D, fengycin, and bacillibactin, as well as polyketides such as macrolactin, bacillaene, and difficidin.
The secondary metabolites from B. velezensis can also induce systemic resistance in plants, helping them defend against recurring attacks by harmful microorganisms.
Bacillus velezensis is a beneficial, gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium known for its plant growth-promoting and biocontrol properties. It’s an aerobic, endospore-forming species found in various environments, including soil, water, and plant roots. Bacillus velezensis strains are known for producing secondary metabolites, such as cyclic lipopeptides and polyketides, which contribute to their ability to suppress pathogens, promote plant growth, and even induce systemic resistance in plants.
Key Characteristics of Bacillus velezensis:
Gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic, and endospore-forming:These are the defining characteristics of Bacillus velezensis, placing it within the Bacillus family.
Ubiquitous in nature:It’s found in diverse environments, making it a versatile bacterium for various applications.
Plant growth promotion:Strains of B. velezensis are known to stimulate plant growth through various mechanisms, including the production of growth-promoting hormones, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation.
Biocontrol agent:It effectively suppresses the growth of plant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, making it a valuable biocontrol agent.
Secondary metabolite production:B. velezensis produces a range of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting properties, including cyclic lipopeptides like surfactin and fengycin, and polyketides like macrolactin.
Induced systemic resistance:Some strains can trigger induced systemic resistance in plants, enhancing their defense against future pathogen attacks.
Harmless to humans and animals:It is generally considered non-pathogenic and safe for human and animal health.
According to the different types of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) contained, microbial fertilizers are divided into bacterial micro-fertilizers, actinomycete micro-fertilizers, and fungal micro-fertilizers.
According to the principle of action, they can be divided into rhizobia, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, ectophytic or endophytic mycorrhizal fungi, photosynthetic bacteria, and organic material decomposition agents.
According to the functional diversity of micro-fertilizers, they can be divided into: single strain preparations, multi-strain preparations, microbial fertilizer compound preparations, microbial trace element compound preparations, and microbial organic fertilizer preparations.
According to the dosage form, they can be divided into: liquid, powder, granular, and freeze-dried.
According to the properties of the finished product, they can be divided into: liquid, mainly used for seed dressing and foliar spraying; solid granular, used for basal application or topdressing.
The word anchor means to hold something firmly in a particular position. Roots hold the soil particles tightly in one erect position due to which plants can grow taller without falling.
Absorption of water is vital in plant growth that helps in photosynthesis and other metabolic activities. The water is taken into the body of the pants via root hairs using various methods like osmosis, respiration and transpiration. If sufficient water is not provided to the plant then it will lead to the closure of stomata, leaf-wilting, turgor and much more. It will also have a negative impact on photosynthesis.
The absorption of minerals and absorption of water are two separate processes. Plants don’t take in minerals when they are absorbing water. The larger area of the roots takes in minerals in minor concentration from the soil. They take it in the form of inorganic ions. Minerals need to be completely dissolved in water in order for the plants to absorb them.
The tiny hairs particles that are present on the roots help in reducing the soil erosion. Instead, roots increase soil cohesion.
Once the root hair takes in water from the soil they send it into the xylem vessels using the process of osmosis. From there the water is transported up through the stem and finally reaches the leaves of the plants. The water finally gets utilized for photosynthesis.
Although roots don’t perform primarily as reproductive parts of the pants they act as vegetative reproduction. Now, what is vegetative reproduction? Great question! It is a form of asexual reproduction where the plant grows from a fragment or cutting off the parent plant.
The reproduced plant is genetically identical to the parent plant. There is no requirement to produce a flower for reproduction. Even the mixing of male and female gametes does not take place in asexual reproduction. These plants survive well under stable conditions.
Many plants have the ability to produce themselves in this way although this process can be carried out artificially as well.
So plants will benefit a lot during growth if they have strong and healthy roots.
Our products for better root: γ-PGA， Seaweed， Microbals…
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