Bacillus velezensis is an aerobic, gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium that enhances plant growth. Many strains of this species are known to inhibit the growth of microbial pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and nematodes.
Recent phylogenetic studies have led to the reclassification of several Bacillus species as B. velezensis, though this information has not yet been fully integrated into organized resources.
Genomic analysis shows that B. velezensis has strain-specific gene clusters for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which are crucial for pathogen suppression and plant growth promotion.
Specifically, B. velezensis has a high genetic capacity for producing cyclic lipopeptides like surfactin, bacillomycin-D, fengycin, and bacillibactin, as well as polyketides such as macrolactin, bacillaene, and difficidin.
The secondary metabolites from B. velezensis can also induce systemic resistance in plants, helping them defend against recurring attacks by harmful microorganisms.
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