Microbial inoculants refer to a type of beneficial fungi and bacteria that are rich in specific living microorganisms. Through the life activities of the microorganisms they contain, they can increase the supply of plant nutrients or promote plant growth, increase yields, and improve the quality of agricultural products and the agricultural ecological environment. Common microbial inoculants are found in a variety of environments, including soil, plants, plant residues, water, and fertilizer compost. Research shows that the application of microbial inoculants can significantly increase the amount of microorganisms in the soil, and the increased activity of these microorganisms can promote the enhancement of soil enzyme activity, and can decompose and release insoluble mineral nutrients in the soil. At the same time, At the same time, these microorganisms can also secrete plant hormones, thereby promoting crop growth.
Microorganisms can produce a variety of metabolites during their growth and metabolism. According to the relationship between metabolites and microbial growth and reproduction, they are divided into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites refer to substances produced by microorganisms through metabolic activities and necessary for their own growth and reproduction, such as amino acids, nucleotides, polysaccharides, etc. Secondary metabolites refer to substances produced by microorganisms that have no obvious physiological function or are not necessary for the microorganisms after they grow to a certain stage, such as antibiotics, toxins, hormones, pigments, etc. Microbial metabolites used for biological control of plant diseases are mainly secondary metabolites. Disease-resistant microorganisms can produce a variety of antibacterial substances, including antibiotics, lipopeptides, polypeptides, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, protease, cellulase, active proteins and volatile substances.
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